Neuroscience physiology

Neuroscience physiology
Part 1: And you learn to accept it, you know it’s so sympathetic.
Listed below are a series of problems within the body; you tell me if these issues could be caused by an overactive or underactive sympathetic nervous system. 1/2 point each)
• high blood levels of epinephrine
• decreased pulse
• low blood pressure
• excessive sweating
• decreased stomach motility
• short, quick breaths
? overactive sympathetic nervous system
? underactive sympathetic nervous system
Put the following series of events regarding the epinephrine release in the correct order. Not all events
will be included, not all events listed below are a part of this process. Just pick those statements that are
relevant to this story and get them in the proper chronological order. 1/2pointeach)
• Event #1
• Event #2
• Event #3
• Event #4
a) epinephrine is released into the bloodstream
b) postganglionic neuron in the sympathetic chain ganglia is stimulated
c) postganglionic neuron synapses onto the adrenal medulla
d) preganglionic neuron of the sacral spinal cord is stimulated
e) preganglionic neuron of the thoracolumbar spinal cord is stimulated
f) preganglionic neuron synapses onto the adrenal cortex
g) preganglionic neuron synapses onto the adrenal medulla
h) reticular formation sends motor commands to the brainstem and sacral spinal cord
i) reticular formation sends motor commands to the thoracolumbar spinal cord

Part 2: Receptors make the world go round.
Tell me which receptor you would find at which location. (
1
/2 point each)
• cells of the adrenal medulla
• dendrites of a neuron innervated by cranial nerve X (CN 10/vagus
nerve)
• dendrites of a postganglionic neuron in the celiac ganglia
• dendrites of a postganglionic neuron in the sympathetic chain
ganglia
• heart tissue innervated by a postganglionic neuron of a very nearby
ganglia
• heart tissue innervated by a postganglionic neuron of the
sympathetic chain ganglia
? muscarinic receptor
? nicotinic receptor
? noradrenergic receptor
A novel drug, MusyCare, increases the affinity of the muscarinic receptor for its particular ligand.
Basically, this means that when the ligand for the muscarinic receptor is present, you’ll see a more
dramatic response to ligand binding in the cell that contains muscarinic receptors. What ailment do you
think MusyCare would be used to treat? (1 point)
a) decreased respiration rate
b) diarrhea
c) fast heart rate
d) none of these
Because you all are masters at understanding negative feedback and the body definitely has ways of
turning on/off autonomic discharge, what do you think would happen to the regulation of the
autonomic nervous system if noradrenergic receptors were mutated such that they were non-
functional? Since the question is asking about regulation, you shouldn’t provide an answer like
“increase/decrease in heart rate,” but rather about how the stimulation/inhibition of each branch of the
autonomics might differ in those who have this mutation. (<3 sentences, 2 points)
Part 3: I scream, you scream, we all scream when nociceptors are stimulated.
Match each modality with the type of sensory receptor cell that will detect it. Some sensory receptor
cells may be used multiple times, others may not be used. (
1
/2 point each)
• audition
• balance
• extreme temperature
• smell
• pain
• pressure
• taste
• vision
? chemoreceptor
? mechanoreceptor
? nociceptor
? photoreceptor
? thermoreceptor
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