Nursing

Nursing

Fundamental Approaches in Nursing

Introduction to the module

The ‘Fundamental Approaches in Nursing’ module provides a foundation for subsequent knowledge and skills development in key aspects of nursing. The assessment and planning of person-centred care is a skilled process and lies at the heart of high quality nursing practice. This process relies on the personal qualities and interpersonal skills of nurses and their ability to ‘hear the voice’ of those for whom they care, treating them with respect and as experts by experience. Holistic and personalised care demands understanding of the individual and their biological, psychological and social needs.

This module will therefore address some key elements of the nurse’s role and practice as depicted in the module learning outcomes stated below.

Intended Learning Outcomes

1.Identify the nature of nursing and professional caring, principles of assessment and planning of care across nursing fields.

2.Discuss methods of and barriers to effective communication and interpersonal skills.

3.Recognise the effect of own and/or others’ values on interactions with colleagues, service users and their carers, families and friends.

4.Demonstrate a broad understanding of anatomy and physiology of the human body and how homeostasis is maintained.

5.Examine the basic principles of pharmacology and safe medicine management.

Introduction to the Module and Module Assessment
At the end of the session, the student will be able to:

• Explore the aims and learning outcomes for the module
• Discuss the module assessment guidelines and expectations
The Concept of Caring & Professional Role of the Nurse within different health & social care contexts
At the end of the session, the student will be able to:

• Describe the concept of ‘professionalism’ as applied to nursing & within the different fields of nursing
• Explore definitions of the concept of ‘caring’ including person centred care
• Describe / list the characteristics of a caring individual
• Describe what nurses care ‘about’ and who they care ‘for’ & alongside
• State the human behaviours/actions / characteristics that constitute
‘caring’.
Concept of Assessment, Assessment Tools & Strategies across all fields of nursing
At the end of the session, the student will be able to:

• Define the ‘process of nursing’ in terms of assessment, planning, implementation and evaluation.
• Explore the approaches to assessment of the client within different health and social care contexts.
• Identify the alternative nursing assessment tools / strategies adopted in nursing from different field perspectives
• Examine methods of data collection, objective and subjective data.

Care Planning & Care Delivery
At the end of the session, the student will be able to:

• Explore how actual and potential problems are identified as a result of the assessment process and the role of the nurse, client and others in ‘goal setting’
• Discuss the role of the nurse, client, members of the team and significant others in the planning and delivery of care
• Explore the importance of ‘client-centred’ approach to care planning and care delivery
• Examine the importance of adopting a holistic approach to the planning, implementation and evaluation of care
Effective Communication, Self-Awareness & Nursing Practice
At the end of the session, the student will be able to:

• Examine the nature of ‘self-awareness’ and consider the importance of developing into a ‘reflective ‘ practitioner
• Define communication and its sub-components, including verbal and non-verbal attending principles
• Examine the relationship between effective communication and good nursing practice
• Explore your personal strengths and areas for development in relation to interpersonal communication
Characteristics of Effective Helping & Active Listening Skills
At the end of the session, the student will be able to:

• Identify the personal qualities that characterize person-centred relationships
• Discuss interpersonal factors that lead to judgmental attitudes
• Examine the value and communication of Carl Rogers ‘Core Conditions’ of acceptance, genuineness, and empathy.
• Participate in the practice of verbal and non-verbal attending and examine the communication that conveys person-centred qualities.
• Examine environmental factors conducive to effective active listening skills & consider how these skills influence assessment and care planning.
Introduction to the Human Body & Homeostasis
At the end of the session, the student will be able to:

• Define the term ‘homeostasis’
• Using named examples, describe how the body maintains homeostatic function and examine the internal and external influences affecting homeostasis.
• Identify the key structures within the body which contribute to the maintenance of homeostasis and briefly explore the consequences of changes to homeostasis
Pharmacology & Routes of Drug Administration
At the end of the session, the student will be able to:

• Define the terms: pharmacology, pharmacokinetics & pharmacodynamics
• Demonstrate an understanding of the principles of pharmacokinetics in relation to drug absorption, drug distribution, drug metabolism and drug excretion / elimination
• Examine the different routes of administration, considering the advantages and disadvantages of each and the nurse’s role in the safe administration of drugs
• Explore the physiological factors and client variables which influence pharmacokinetics
• Using simulation, demonstrate safe and effective injection technique
Medicine Management
At the end of the session, the student will be able to:

• Discuss the nurse’s role in relation to medicine administration, ordering, storage and record keeping
• Discuss the legal and ethical issues related to the administration of medicines
• Explore the role of the registered nurse in the monitoring of a client prescribed a pharmacotherapeutic agent
• Examine the role of agencies i.e. the Medicines Control Agency and other regulatory bodies in the safe administration and monitoring of drug use in the United Kingdom
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